Wealth Inequality in the Bible - 3308 Words

The Correlation Between Economic and Moral Disparity â€Å"What good will it be for a man if he gains the whole world, yet forfeits his soul? Or what can a man give in exchange for his soul† (NIV Matthew 16:26). The Bible does not directly condemn monetary prosperity. However, Jesus warns that the love of riches leads men further from the Kingdom of God and into a false idolization of wealth. This monetary worship pulls man away from God, and tears the seams of brotherhood that bond men together. Today, this bond between men has never been so frail and apathy has never been so vigorous. Millions of people die every year from preventable causes, including hunger, disease and countless other conditions, all derived from poverty. At†¦show more content†¦Professor of ecology and evolution, Peter Turchin, describes the condition of the U.S. with a few statistics, â€Å"Today, the top one per cent of incomes in the United States accounts for one fifth of US earnings. The top one per cent of fortunes holds two-fifths of the t otal wealth. Just one rich family, the six heirs of the brothers Sam and James Walton, founders of Walmart, are worth more than the bottom 40 per cent of the American population combined.† (Cite) Turchin also analyzes economic inequality within the United States over the past 200 years. Within the time frame of the 1800s to the 1920s, economic inequality â€Å"increased more than a hundredfold.† Then from this point until the 1980s there was a period known as the â€Å"Great Compression† where economic equality grew. Over the past 40 years the trend has turned back towards inequality, and we find ourselves reentering an elitist, discriminatory system. Using historical economic patterns, the U.S. appears to have entered a new era of stagnation for economic equality. While theories such as â€Å"trickle down economics† support the wealthy creating more wealth for the lower income levels there is more evidence elaborating the benefits of living in a country with higher economic equality. When there are higher levels of economic equality countries enjoy more political stability, better health conditions, and a better outlook on the nation and jointly, life. The following graphic and itsShow MoreRelatedIndia s Indian Corruption Crisis1643 Words   |  7 Pagesinstitutions, the Indian government has become extremely corrupt and this has caused Indians to lose trust in officials, feel unprotected by the authorities, which is causing chaos in politically weaker parts of India. The history of India, Inequalities, poverty, desire for wealth, and desire for power have led to the corruption in India, which is causing chaos in politically unstable parts of the country and causing the ‘Indian Corruption Crisis’. The history of India has lead to India having issues in itsRead MoreThe Bible in The Upside Down Kingdom by Donald B. Kraybill Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesThe book The Upside Down Kingdom by Donald B. Kraybill does an analysis of the bible in a different approach taken by readers. The main point of the book is to help readers understand Gods kingdom in a world that is turned upside down. Kraybill shows how upside down and radical the kingdom was in the first century Palestine and how it is the same in today’s society. In other words Kraybill illustrated the image that people who are at the top of the pyramids, the wealthy and the powerful, will beRead MoreEssay about Technology and Social Justice663 Words   |  3 PagesExactly how does Dyson answer pessimistic doubts that technological innovations frequently serve to increase social oppression and inequality? What is your assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of Dysons response to that pessimistic perspective? 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Information onRead MoreCorrelation Between Religiosity And Inequality3473 Words   |  14 Pagesthe profound correlation between religiosity and attitudes of inequality among undergraduate students that attend North Park University, thus placing strong emphasis on learning how religiously places a role in shaping student s attitudes and perceptions of inequality among our culture and society. While prior research in this academic discipline leads us to believe the ideological notion that religious students believe that inequality is not as prevalent as non-religious students, the hypothesis

Starbucks’ Corporation Case Study in Motivation - 2241 Words

Case Study Report Starbucks’ Corporation: Case Study in Motivation Submitted to: ----------------------------- Faculty, MBA Program, BRAC University Submitted by: SNS MBA, BRACU Course Title: Organization Behavior and Leadership Course Code: HRM 501, Section: 03 Semester: MBA, Fall-2013 Date of Submission: 8 November 2013 Introduction: This report is a part of Masters of Business Administration (MBA) program, Organization Behavior and Leadership (HRM 501) course of BRAC Business School. My respected faculty Mr. KMK assigned me to solve some questions related to the case named â€Å"Starbucks Corporation: Case Study in Motivation†. I am thankful to my faculty as solving this case helped me to get knowledge about†¦show more content†¦4) The numbers of employees are usually from three to six which helps staff get to know each other easily and deeply. Question-3: â€Å"†¦the numbers of employees are usually from three to six.† a. Why is the size of team an important factor? Answer: The numbers of employees in the chains of Starbucks’ are usually from three to six. It helps the employees to get to know each other easily and deeply. As it is mentioned in the case that in Starbucks’ the suggestion and complaints are treated equally as well as they has a right to participate in the process of revising company policies. Therefore team size is an important factor and team should be small enough so that there is an easy flow of all necessary information between team members without causing any dilemmas or confusions. All this gives employees respect plus a sense of participation. b. What are the benefits to Starbucks of having small teams of staff in each branch? Answer: There is a say called ‘The Smaller the Better’. 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Quantitative Research And Qualitative Research Essay Example For Students

Quantitative Research And Qualitative Research Essay In chapter one quantitative research and qualitative research is discussed. Quantitative research is collecting data that is in forms of numbers or is converted into numbers. This type of research would be conducted through tests rating scores, etc. There are four different types of studies that could result in quantitative research. Descriptive studies is when it enables researchers to draw conclusions about the current state of affairs regarding issues, but not about correlation or cause –and- effect relationship. This describes a situation that gives information about characteristics of students, teachers, and schools (Ellis, 2013, p. 6). Correlational studies is research that explores possible associations among two or more variables. These associations are among two variables that could result in a negative or positive correlation coefficient (Ellis, 2013, p.7). Experimental and quasi- experimental studies, experimental studies involves both the manipulation of one variable to determine its possible effect on another variable. Then the control of additional variables that might potentially have an impact on the outcome, which allows the conclusion about cause –and- effect relationships. During this experiment the researcher changes one or more aspects of the environment, which is the independent variable and the variable that is affected is the dependent variable. The treatment groups is where the recipients of a planned intervention, the control group is receiving either or no intervention, or a placebo intervention that doesn’t affect the dependent variable (Ellis, 2013, p.7). A quasi- experiment involves the manipulation of one variable to determine its possible effect on another variable, but without total control of. . t back to something that you know. The something that we already know would be the assimilation and to change our scheme that would be accommodation. During class I had to build a â€Å"treehouse†, when I wasn’t given the basics of what it was I was in disequilibrium. So when I started to ask about direction and shapes which would be my assimilation, I was trying to get back to equilibrium and to figure out the object that I needed to build. When I built the figure I would have used accommodation to change and create a new scheme. All throughout school students create new schemes to learn and develop. We take what we use to know, and when learning something different we need to create new schemes and we keep creating them as we develop and grow. Teachers will need to find where our student’s schemes, which may vary from student to student and have accommodate for that.

International Business Toyota and Proton

Introduction The automobile industry is considered among the global industries where all firms regardless of their location must compete in the entire world market in order to break-even and survive. Most of the industry’s products are spread around the entire world with only several firms in the industry competing for global recognition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Business: Toyota and Proton specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The failure or success of an individual firm in the industry therefore depends on how well it is able to define its niche and achieve a competitive advantage through effective business strategies. An effective international business strategy in this regard must therefore be one that enables the individual firm to attain some economies of scale both in terms of size and markets. In recent front, market expansion and penetration into new markets has been termed a key f actor for future success in the auto industry. This requires that automobile companies pursue global strategies to shape and define how their businesses compete in the global market. The strategy employed by any of the individual firms in the industry determines to a very large extent the performance of that particular firm in the global market. There are various factors that need to be considered whenever a firm is devising and developing a global strategy. These factors include an assessment of the existing interdependencies of the firm’s business competitive positions in the various world markets it operates in. First, the firm must identify a number of factors if any similarities of the operating environment exist in its various markets. Secondly, the firm also needs to identify the sources of these interdependencies. Again here the firm would want to understand whether these similarities arise out of similar factors such as same tastes and preferences, similar economic c onditions and so forth in the various markets or not. Thirdly, the firm needs to establish the critical factors that the adopted strategy would have to point at to configure and coordinate its world business activities. Finally, the firm needs to focus on itself and its internal processes to ascertain whether they support and are well aligned with the derived global strategy. All of these areas need to be looked at carefully and interpreted correctly in devising whichever strategy that a firm devises for its international business.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Luckily for the automobile industry, it is considered the most global and geographical boundaries do not really alter to a large extent the competitive position of a particular firm in a given market provided that its product offerings are well focused on customer satisfaction. This paper looks to study at the effec tiveness in international business strategies of two auto companies from the ASEAN region, Toyota and Proton. Toyota comes from Japan and is considered to be the world’s leading auto manufacturer while Proton is Malaysia’s leading manufacturer and national automobile company; both of these companies and with much regard to the ASEAN economy play vital roles and are very much important to their respective countries. Industry Analysis The global automotive industry has lately been facing a myriad of new and challenging factors. These pressing challenges ranging from increased globalization, digitalization, increasing competition not to forget the increasing requirements for safety and enhanced environmental consciousness by individual players in the industry are greatly reshaping the entire industry. Unlike a while ago, size is proving to be no longer a guarantee to success but rather innovation. The current global automotive industry environment has it that, only those companies that find new ways to enhance value in all their processes and products as well do prosper in defining competitive frontiers for the future. Strategic Analysis and Key Success Factors Strategy Strategy is defined by Campbell, Stonehouse, Houston (2002) as the set of forecasts by business that can be adopted to guide and form the centers of decision making in supposition that an environmental situation of the future tends to be different from the past. In this regard the firm must define conditions and means of responding and acting on any variables that intervene to affect the status quo and exercise some influence and control over these. This means that there’s need of putting in place of a constant process of making and reviewing decisions inside any environmental situation.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on International Business: Toyota and Proton specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In their tur n, Mintzberg and Ghoshal (2003) conceptualize strategy within five dimensions christened the five P’s effectively defining strategy as a plan, pretext, perspective, poll and a position. However, Michael Porter made another decision and viewed strategy from a competitive point of view. Allen et al. (2007) admit that this researcher figured out that a competitive strategy is one that enhances the company vision in a manner that its entire structure and processes are so designed as to enable the firm succeed and grow in a competitive environment. He identified five forces namely supplier power, buyer power, barriers to entry, degree of rivalry and threat of substitute products as the main factors that guide the strategic direction of any firm. In the context of globalization, Porter redefines the concept of strategy to imply it as a process in which individual firms strive to differentiate themselves from rival competitors in a bid to attaining a competitive advantage. In this c ontext he portends that, strategy simply means choosing firm unique ways of competing by altering or modifying specific activities or processes in all areas of the business while at the same time putting into consideration the suitability and situation of the business. In a more recent proposition, strategy is seen in the dimensions of product quality, customer satisfaction, and the integration effectiveness of other support activities and processes. The three fundamental considerations in a devising an effective strategy according to this new proposition are; operation effectiveness, customer targeting and innovation. Key success factors It is very important that players within the industry know and understand the key success factors that shape the industry they are in. These factors help individual firms to assess themselves in terms of where they are, know themselves in terms of their competitive strengths and weaknesses, and define where they want to be in the industry and devis e effective strategies towards that course. A number of factors in the industry are currently very crucial in determining the success of each individual firm in the global front. These include; customer orientation, innovation and cost position. Customer orientation is very critical not only for the automobile companies but also for any business. Any business needs to identify its customers in terms of their needs and the general direction of their tastes and preferences.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The modern consumer is increasingly becoming more complex and specific in terms of what he needs. Tastes and preferences as well are becoming more dynamic and hence the need for manufacturers to understand such diverse needs and move in to develop products that will build satisfaction for their customers. For instance, in emerging markets basic mobility is of key concern to auto consumers in these markets. Manufacturers would therefore want to come up with products that enhance basic mobility in most emerging markets at the lowest possible price offering to also enhance affordability. Toyota There are a number of discussions and misunderstandings which are connected to the development of Toyota Motor Corporation. It was founded at the beginning of the 1900s; the year of 1937 was the year of Toyota’s introduction to the automobile market in Japan. In fact, this date played a very important role in the history of Toyota’s development: the company had several years before the war to be promoted through the world and got a chance to contribute the war by means of providing special productions (e.g. trucks) for the Imperial Army (Japan – 101: Information Resource 2005, para.3). During the period of war, Japan had to rebuilt itself in order to achieve the necessary success, this is why Toyota as the main manufacture of the nation had to undergo certain changes as well and consider the innovations which were in demand. Taking into consideration such rich past, the company remains to be successful and overcomes a number of economic challenges and losses; More (2009) admits that its high level of market focus that was demonstrated during the last 50 years become the main key of the company’s success nowadays. It is not always easier to succeed in manufacturing under the current conditions; still, the company under consideration proves that it is crucially important to focus on cost savings and neglect the possibility to improve employeesâ₠¬â„¢ morale in order to succeed and take the leading position in the existing competitions on the market (Hauser Paper 2007, p. 687). The managers of the company find it necessary to emphasis the experience of ownership of the company. The point is the chosen company’s ownership experience is usually targeted in properly developed slogans which attract people’s attention and prove that the offered services are worth recognition. For example, from 2004 and till now, the same slogan â€Å"Moving Forward† is known to the vast majority of people around the whole world (Toyota 2011). Proton Proton Holdings Berhad is another significant manufacturer that has been discussed in the paper. The point is that this company is considerably younger than Toyota, still, its popularity and recognition in the market is not less impressive. The success of the company is based on the licensing agreements offered by China (Song 2008, p. 18). Of course, it is not that easy to introd uce the company as an absolutely new idea for society regarding the presence of numerous competitors in the market, this is why the company makes a decision to reflect its quality in order to improve its brand and become a significant global player in the chosen market (About Proton 2011). During the 1990s, Malaysian government made a decision to provide each citizen with the car as the new century should promote new improvements, and cars for every household became one of the main goals set by the government. Proton identified this need and wanted to present the best solution for the problem (Pope et al. 2002). It turned out to be the period when the company was recognized by almost each citizen. The changes which take place in the company are usually based on the safety standards which are dictated by different nations that are ready to cooperate with the company. In spite of the fact that Proton considers the requirements set by such countries like China or the USA, it is not alw ays possible to meet all environmental points at the same time, this is why some challenges still bother the company. However, it is not the time for the company to lose the game and promote other companies with a chance to succeed in automobile manufacturing, and Proton tries to find more financial aid due to ownership of such organization as the Lotus and Norwich City Football Club. Comparison of the Competitive Positions between Toyota and Proton As it has been identified in the previous sections, Toyota and Proton are the two leading automobile companies in different regions: Toyota leads the Japanese market, and Proton is noticeable on the Malaysia market. Both companies are powerful and innovating from a number of perspectives. If Proton aims at increasing the productive capacity of the automobile sector (Sumormo 2005), then Toyota has to be recognized as the company which production system has been improved during the last decade as no other system in the world (Rooney 2005). Being charges with a number of economic and business issues, the companies under analysis have to make use of their best qualities to prove their worth on the market. Many potential customers are afraid of the global economic slowdown, this is why the companies have to consider quality and price at the same time to meet the expectations of the customers. Operating environment is overcrowded, and it is not always possible for the companies to choose appropriate platforms for development. Still, both companies are ready to address the issues and the problems in order to prove that their services and their production worth of customers’ attention even under current unstable economic conditions. For example, the representatives of Proton make a decision to phase out petrol production and focus on other ideas to help people save their money but still continue using the cars (Rahim 2005). In the table offered below, it will be easier to compare the services offered by Toyota and P roton and to define those positions are stronger in order to take the leading position on the global automobile market. Issue Toyota Proton Purposes of the companies To improve the already offered production considering available profits and technologies To create the services and products which are innovating and appropriate to the technologies available for society Strengths of the companies Possibilities to introduce production in a number of countries, innovating manufacturing approaches, satisfaction of consumers’ needs. Cost control, desire to seek for new ways to satisfy customers’ expectations, investments in environment and health Weaknesses of the companies Necessity to observe the economic conditions in different countries and define which country is more preferable, narrow segmentation promotes narrow branding, time for accommodation Quality issues affect the company’s branding, poor funds decrease the level of cars’ quality and frequ ency of production. Opportunities of the companies Reputation of environmentally friendly manufacturer, possibility to sell advanced technologies to other manufacturers (cooperation with Ford) Cooperation with Egypt and expanding its brand within a short period of time; a chance to consider customers’ needs. Threats for the companies Product recall, continuous competitions on the car market. Unstable prices, inabilities to consider all customers’ needs at the same time. Effects of the global turmoil on the strategic positions of the two automobile manufacturers The current situation on the automobile market is not stable, and customers’ demands as well as customers’ opportunities and companies’ possibilities vary considerably. It is not easy to create certain strategies and plan actions as the conditions may require some improvements within a short period of time. This is why even such strong and recognizable companies like Proton and Toyota may undergo some challenges and problems. This is why Proton is not able to carry considerably its brand equity, and customers admit that nowadays Proton can make cars still, the vast majority of them are short of excitement. It becomes harder to satisfy the customer, and the company has to search for more reliable models. Poor sponsorships prevent using green engine technologies to their full extent (Investor Relations 2011). This is why talking about Proton and the effects of the turmoil that is spreading through the world, it is necessary to admit that the company faces certain problems because of inabilities to forecast social needs and consider the company’s possibilities. Toyota does not undergo the same challenges due to the possibility to use governmental support from the Obama Administration and some environmental groups which have an impact on the technological development (Nurturing a Sustainable Society 2011), still, the global turmoil deprives the employers pay certain attention to the moral conditions of the employees who have to think about the improvement of the company and about the technological aspects that need evaluation. This is why this automobile manufacture is under a threat to decrease the quality of work because of workers’ physical or emotional problems. Future strategies to Make Toyota Competitive Toyota is probably one of the most successful manufacturers on the automobile market. The company is ready to use its full potential and benefit from using the technological improvements within a short period of time. The only weak point of the organization under analysis is the attention to its workers’ emotional condition. Any international strategy aims at promoting the best conditions under which the company may sell the products outside the chosen domestic market, and in case the company’s workers are aware of the needs of the citizens from different countries, it will be easier for the company to sell it s products. This is why the offered improvement lies into the fact that managers should be attentive to all details, and emotional preparedness for work has to be also crucial. Conclusion In general, both Toyota and Proton demonstrate their readiness to compete on the automobile market. Though the companies have different approaches of how to win the customer and take the leading place, the achievements of Toyota remains to be more powerful due to its richer history and possibilities to cooperate with different countries at the same time. Proton is good on the Malaysian market, still, it is not as strong as Toyota in regard to the economic challenges which appear frequently. This is why the competitive analysis of the companies shows that Toyota should become a good example of how activities have to be organize and what strategies must to be considered by managers. List of References ‘About Proton’ 2011, Proton. Web. Allen, RS, Helms, MM, Takeda, MB, White, CS 2007, â €˜Porter’s generic strategies: An exploratory study of their use in Japan’, Journal of Business Strategies, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 69-90. Campbell, D, Stonehouse, G, Houston, B 2002, Business strategy, Butterworth-Heinemann, Woburn, MA. ‘Investor relations’ 2011, Proton. Web. Hauser, K Paper, D 2007, ‘Simulation of business re-engineering processes: Case study of a United States motor manufacturing company’, International Journal of Management, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 676-687. Mintzberg, H Ghoshal, S 2003, The strategy process: Concepts, contexts, cases, Pearson Education, Harlow. More, E 2009, ‘How General Motors lost market focus’, Ivey Business Journal Online, vol. 73, no. 2. ‘Nurturing a sustainable society’, 2011, Toyota. Web. Pope, M, Musa, M, Singagavelu, H, Bringaze, T, Russell, M 2002, ‘From colonialism to ultranationalism: History and development of career counseling in Malaysia’, The Career Dev elopment Quarterly, vol. 50, no. 3, pp. 264 – 276. Rahim, KA 2005, ‘Market-based instruments for environmental protection: Piloting presumptive charge and emissions trading in Malaysian Smis’, International Journal of Business and Society, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1- 36. Rooney, MJ 2005, ‘Toyota System Production meets large scale change: A synergy for sustainable improvements’, Organization Development Journal, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 21 – 28. Song, TS 2008, ‘Resources for China – ASEAN relations’, China: An International Journal, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 171 – 185. Sumormo, S 2005, ‘Transaction cost and organizational choice in the Malaysian automobile industry’, International Journal of Business and Society, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 97 – 112. Toyota 2011, website. ‘Toyota Motor Corp: Automobile manufacturer in Japan’ 2005, Japan – 101: Information Resource. Web. This essay on International Business: Toyota and Proton was written and submitted by user Jazmin Lott to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Supply Demand Super Bowl Sunday essays

Supply Demand Super Bowl Sunday essays On January 30, millions of televisions will be tuned in to the American Broadcast Company's live coverage of the Super Bowl. The three hour-plus event draws as many as 130 million viewers at one time. According to NFL Research, sixty eight percent of Super Bowl viewers say they pay attention to the commercials and fifty two percent said they discussed the ads the next day. With so many people watching the event, businesses see the Super Bowl as a golden opportunity to lure in profits by utilizing the commercial air time available. Due to the unlimited wants and limited resources, an economic condition called scarcity results. Another economic principle, called investment, is exemplified in this article. Scarcity is a condition that exists because society has unlimited wants and needs, but there are limited resources for their satisfaction. During the three hour-plus football game, there will be opportunities for large businesses (and even some small businesses who have gambled on this form of advertising) to display their product or service to over a hundred million people. At an even greater expense, some companies are sponsoring pre-game, half-time, and post-game shows. Why does it cost so much money? Commercials during the Super Bowl are very powerful means of advertising. Companies can appeal to a larger audience by advertising during an event that is widely watched among all different groups. The commercials are also quite expensive because of the limited quantity. Advertising during the Super Bowl is a very smart investment. Investment is defined by the sacrifice of current benefits to pursue an activity with expectations of greater future benefits or rewards. Does this apply to the Super Bowl? Yes. Companies will dish out millions of dollars for 30-second blocks of air time. Some companies may even purchase more than that. The short term result is a loss of millions. That money invested in advertising, however, should ...

How to Write a Movie Review (5 Top Tips)

How to Write a Movie Review (5 Top Tips) How to Write a Movie Review (5 Top Tips) Fancy being the next Roger Ebert? Then check out the latest blockbuster or arthouse flick, and let the world know what you think! But what goes into a good movie review? We have a few review writing tips to share: Watch the movie carefully (more than once if possible) and take notes. Tailor your writing style and the focus of your review to your audience. Look at every aspect of the movie, including its story, acting, and technical qualities (e.g., direction, visual design, costumes, sound). Justify your opinions (i.e., give reasons for why you think a movie is good or bad, rather than just saying that you enjoyed or disliked it). Try to avoid spoilers, especially for new releases. Read on to find out how to put these tips into practice in your next review. 1. Watch the Movie and Take Notes When we say you should watch the movie you’re planning to review, we mean you need to really watch it. No popcorn. No whispering to friends. Just eyes on the screen. Ideally, you should even try to see the film more than once before reviewing it (although this isn’t always possible). You may also want to take notes so you can use them when writing a review. Do this on paper, though; no illuminated screens! And it is usually better to save note taking for a second viewing, as you might miss something first time round if you’re busy scribbling in a notebook. 2. Think About Your Audience Who you are writing for will have a big influence on how you write. Most importantly, you need to think about how much your target audience already knows about cinematic techniques and history. For example, saying that a scene â€Å"evokes memories of Eisenstein’s approach to montage, manipulating the viewer by juxtaposing images of hope and fear† would be fine if you were writing for an audience familiar with cinematic theory (e.g., film students or professionals). Sergei Eisenstein at work. But such remarks may be lost on a general audience, who might just want to know whether it’s worth paying to catch the new Mission Impossible at the theater. As such, you should think about what your readers might want to know and tailor your review accordingly. 3. Look at the Whole Movie A movie works on multiple levels, all of which should factor into your review. Questions you might want to ask yourself include: Story – How does the movie tells its story? Are the characters believable? Is the ending satisfying? Does it feel too long or short at all? Acting – Who are the actors? Do they suit the roles? Do any performances stand out? Does it feature any big stars or any upcoming talents? Technical Qualities – Is the film well made, including the direction, visual design, costumes, sound, music, and any visual or special effects used? This isn’t to say you can’t write about whether you enjoyed the movie, too! Most people are happy to overlook, e.g., some dodgy acting if they’re enjoying the spectacle of a Hollywood blockbuster. So how much you focus on each of the above may depend on what you’re watching. Watching a movie more than once can be very helpful in this respect. The first time, you can watch it as a regular â€Å"viewer,† thinking about the film overall and how much you enjoyed it. And if you see it again, you can focus on specific elements in more detail, taking notes as you watch. 4. Back Up Your Opinions Letting your reader know whether you liked a movie is, of course, a big part of reviewing it. You can even use a score or star rating, offering a simple summary of your overall opinion of the movie. Five-star advice! However, you should also explain why you like or dislike it. Is it the story? The performances? Something else? The amount you write to back up your opinions will vary depending on the type of review. A 200-word summary will have less detail than a longer review essay, for instance. But you should always try to offer some insight on why the film succeeds or fails. You can even refer to specific scenes to explain yourself. However, if you do plan to go into detail about a movie you are reviewing, you may want to check out our next tip first†¦ 5. Be Careful About Spoilers Following on from the last point, if you mention particular scenes or details from a film, try not to give away story spoilers. Obviously, this is more important for new movies than old classics. And if you’re writing an in-depth critique, you will almost certainly enter spoiler territory. This is fine. However, if you do mention anything that could spoil the story for new viewers, make sure to provide a spoiler warning before you give it away! Your reader can then decide whether to read on. We hope this post has helped you with your movie review. And if you need someone to proofread your writing, we’re always here to help!

The Cider ahouse Rules Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Cider ahouse Rules - Essay Example The movie contains many poignant and touching moments in it that lend itself for psychological analysis. For example, from a developmental psychology viewpoint, the fact that Homer is returned twice to the orphanage was bound to leave deep scars on the formative psyche of the young boy, who would struggle to form lasting attachments to other humans as a consequence. Also, the manner in which he was treated by these couples was also abusive to a degree. These abusive relationships interrupt Homer Wells’ proper psychological development as is evident from further events in the story. The relationship between Dr. Larch (played by Michael Caine) and young Homer needs to be studied in the afore-mentioned context. Despite getting trained to perform abortions (under the tutelage of Dr. Larch) Homer personally disapproves of the practice. This comes to a dramatic fore when he is faced with a situation in which Erykah (the daughter of Mr. Rose) comes to him for abortion. But considerin g that Erykah was forcefully and incestuously impregnated by her own father, Homer makes an exception to his usual rule and performs the operation. The true character of Homer’s psychological makeup further comes to light when he resorts to kill Mr. Rose in order to prevent Erykah getting raped again.

Englishwriing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Englishwriing - Essay Example In contrast to other writers of his generation Tolstoy was connected with noble families of Russian aristocracy, who had brilliant French pronunciation and manners. At the same time he was a person full of antagonism. When Leo was nine he became an orphan. Tolstoy's upbringing was in the hands of Madam Egorsky. Having lost the parents Tolstoy became a rather difficult child. He was naughty boy with unexpected deeds, thoughts, ideas, but very kind-hearted (Derrick Leon, 1944, p. 54). Tolstoy began the literary work at the age of twenty. Being so young the author already had the dismissal from today's literary cannon. He always kept in mind the agonizing doubts between the dream and reality. It became the initial question that came through all his creative life. During his whole life Leo Tolstoy kept a diary. In 1852 the strict analisys of himself and surrounding left the bounderies of the diary and became a literary masterpiece. The author wrote his trilogy - "Childhood", "Boyhood" and "Youth". It was a work about different epoches in the life of every person. Up to Tolstoy it was considered that a human beeing was developing from simple level to complicated one. Every next step of his spiritual experience exceeded and canceled the privious one. We grew and our childhood left us forever. Up to Tolstoy the unit of measurement of a literary hero was his complex character. The Russian writer categorically denied such a view point. Beeing a seventy-six year-old man Tolstoy wrote: "If you ask me how I can perceive myself as a child, a youth and a grown-up paying no attention to time, I will answer you that I who combines a child, a young man and a chap is the answer" (Leo Tolstoy, 2005, p. 117). In his first novel "Childhood" he used the facts that he had gone through and the feelings that he felt deeply. In other words it was the spiritual autobiography of the Russian writer. The main hero of the novel was Nikolay Irtenyev. Everyone could see that the hero had a complex character. On the one hand the boy couldn't concentrate his attention on something particular, he wanted everyone to pay attention to him, he was selfish and easily carried away. On the other hand Nikolay was sensitive, shy and wanted to rank high among others. The Count Leo Tolstoy had the same features of character in his childhood. Tolstoy's aunt Yushkina was a very rich and noble madam with wide established relations. The best society of Kazan city enjoyed the time in her house. She dreamt of her famous nephews to become diplomats and aide-de-camp to the Emperor. The aunt was also sure that Leo Tolstoy should have relations with a woman of property and influence. At that time Leo's childhood was over. The second period of his life began. It was adolescence. Under such circumstances the writer changed a lot. Tolstoy wrote the second meaningful novel "Boyhood" where he used a technique of psychological analysis, which was to become his personal literary weapon. The inner world of Nikolay Irtenyev again resembled the inner world of the great writer. Unexpected emotions and almost arbitrary changes of mood reigned in the boy's soul. Dreams poisoned his mind at every opportunity. Causeless tears and irritation told about shattered , too sensible nerves inherited from the

A Brawl in Mickys Backyard Essay Example for Free

A Brawl in Mickys Backyard Essay If you were on the city council, how would you vote on the issue? As a city councilor, I would be reminded that I am entrusted with the duty to provide the ways and means to ensure the safety and security of citizens of Anaheim and work to maintain and/or enhance a high quality of life. I would absolutely support affordable housing for the citizens of Anaheim who need a reasonable housing solution but I would search out alternative locations where a larger affordable housing development might better serve the needs of the stakeholders involved. The proposed development would serve only 15% of citizens in need which seems like a meager attempt to satisfy the real needs of the community. SunCals possible development of condominiums mixed with affordable rentals in a resort district is an interesting experiment, and I would caution any of their stakeholders that this might not be a prudent investment. Does Disney have an obligation to support initiatives that include nearby affordable housing for its employees? Disney has a obligation to maintain a stable place of employment, compensate employees fairly, and create a safe working environment, but is under no obligation to support these initiatives. For the benefit of their shareholders they should support initiatives that could lower employee stress due to extensive commuting times and travel, resulting in healthier employees, lower absenteeism, and reduce employee turnover. Does Anaheim and Orange County have an obligation provide affordable housing for its residents? All communities have an obligation to provide for the safety and security of their citizens and work to maintain a quality of life, especially those citizens who would be considered at risk and in need of affordable housing. To the extent that Anaheim and Orange County have the resources available they should develop and promote existing programs which help to provide housing for residents that are employed locally and paying taxes into the local economy. Then step into the shoes of Disneyland CEO. How do you solve this problem? Disney is a large economic force and has extensive resources at its disposal. As CEO I would coordinate with Anaheim and Orange County in discovering a suitable locations for employee housing. As part of Disneys community relations and corporate giving, employee housing and possible employee housing ownership can be developed. Anaheim would benefit economically with increased property  taxes, Disney can benefit from tax incentives, tax deductions for corporate donations into a community housing program, and would maintain their reputation as a respected business and employer in the community, with little capital expense.

The Sacred Language of Toni Morrison Essay -- Toni Morrison

The Sacred Language of Toni Morrison  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚   Toni Morrison makes a good point when, in her acceptance speech upon receiving the Nobel Prize in Literature, she says, â€Å"Narrative . . . is . . . one of the principal ways in which we absorb knowledge† (7).   The words we use and the way in which we use them is how we, as humans, communicate to each other our thoughts, feelings, and actions and therefore our knowledge of the world and its peoples.   Knowledge is power.   In this way, our language, too, is powerful.   Ã‚  Ã‚   In her acceptance speech, Morrison tries to communicate the idea that we must be careful with how we use our words.   She analogizes the use of language to the life of a metaphoric bird in a tale of a wise, old, blind woman.   Toni Morrison opens her speech by referring to a tale of two young people who, in trying to disprove the credibility of this wise woman, ask the question, â€Å" ‘Is the bird I am holding [in my hand] living or dead?’† (11).   Of course, being blind, the woman does not know and must say so.   However, she adds that, â€Å" ‘What I do know is that it is in your hands.   It is in your hands’† (11).   In saying this, she tells the youngsters that the fate of the bird’s life is their responsibility.   The bird, in this case, represents language.   Morrison explains, â€Å"So I choose to read the bird as language and the woman as a practiced writer† (12).   The bird has either been found dead, been killed, or has the ability (if it is alive) to be killed, much as language, being looked at as a living thing, can live or die; be saved or destroyed.   Language is â€Å"susceptible to death, erasure; certainly imperiled and salvageable only by an effort of the will† (Morrison 13).   That will is the responsibility of those who ... ...ossible lives of its speakers, readers, writers,† (20) Morrison describes.   The limits of what language can do are indefinite, unachievable, and inaccessible.   For, really, there are no limits to language--no limits to knowledge--no limits to power--the power of the mind.   â€Å" ‘The future of language is yours,’† (23) Morrison tells us.   It is in our hands.   This is why we must hold the life of language sacred--the life of this bird, which has wings to make it soar. Works Cited   Fox-Genovese, Elizabeth.   â€Å"The Claims of a common Culture: Gender, Race, Class and the Canon.†Ã‚   Writing as Re-Vision: A Student’s Anthology.   Ed. Beth Alvarado and Barbara Cully.   Needham Heights: Simon & Schuster   P. 1998.   15-23. Morrison, Toni.   â€Å"Lecture and Speech of Acceptance, Upon the Award of the Nobel Prize for Literature.†Ã‚   New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., 1994.      

Sales and Inventory System of Graph Image Paint Center

I. INTRODUCTION 1. 1 RATIONALE OF THE STUDY Inventory systems are tracking systems that inform the amount of raw materials, supplies or final products have readily available. Updated each time you sell an item or use raw materials to create and to know what you available for the following day or week. This type of system allows ordering products in advance, so you have everything you need at all times. 1. 2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM How can the proposed system monitor the sales inventory of the transaction * How can the proposed system provide an accurate sales computation * How can the proposed system make a better sales record for each order transaction 1. 3 SYSTEM OBJECTIVES * To develop a Sale and Inventory System for Graph Image Paint Center that will give solutions to the problems encountered in their manual business processes. * To avoid excess inventory and stock outs by using the sales inventory system * To produce appropriate reports of the sales 1. 4 SYSTEM SCOPE AND LIMITA TIONScope: * records the customers’ order transactions * generate the customers’ order transaction report. * view the previous sales record * can add, edit, search or delete orders to be delivered * print a receipt * can view inventory record in daily basis * determines the lead point of reorder Limitations: * limited in cash-based payment * doesn’t accept a credit card payment * cannot perform the crediting of the custom II. Company Background Graph Image Paint Center is located at Salcedo Rosario, Cavite that sells different kinds of paint and painting materials.The store is owned by Mr. Gary Palima and Armie Palima. The business operates every Mondays to Saturdays from 8am to 5pm. The company is doing their annual inventory manually. 2. 1 Organizational Chart Gary Palima Armie Palima OWNER Alice Saqui CASHIER Mark Villegas Salesman 2. 4 ORGANIZATIONAL FUNCTIONS 1. Manager * updates the records of the products * responsible for the entire paint products and ot her painting materials retailing and wholesaling business * in charge of annual inventory 2. Cashier * responsible for the monetary transactions * updates the transaction records in charge of receiving phone call orders from the customer 3. Sales Man * in charge of delivering the products to the customers * receives payment from the customers where the products were delivered 2. 3 SUPPLIERS * Davies Paints Philippines Inc. 1887 Mercedes Ave. , San Miguel Pasig City * Asian Coatings Philippines Inc. 48 Amang Ave. , Santolan Pasig City * Super Globe Inc. 08 Luis Street, Barangay San Miguel, Pasig City III. CURRENT SYSTEM DOCUMENTATION 3. 1 USER OVERVIEW OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM The existing system of Graph Image Paint Center is a manual sales and inventory transaction process.The process has its simple listing of transactions and issuing of receipts. Everything is manually operated. Their inventory is being checked every end of accounting period or in a Periodic basis. However, the syst em cannot easily search for a particular product if they wish to see the quantity available. Sales report is unsecured and not presentably recorded. All their products are just listed in and compiled in a clear book. If the records are lost, there is no backup storage that will recover their transactions. 3. 2 EXISTING FLOW PROCESS DIAGRAM STARTCustomer Order Yes Another Order? No Sell the Product? Cancel Order No Yes Prepare the Product B Payment from customer Another Order? No Yes Copy Information to Record Book All Payments Recorded? A No Customer Transaction Continuation D A Yes End of the Day? Daily Sales Report Compute for Daily Total Sales No D Yes End of the Week? Weekly Sales Report Compute for Weekly Total Sales D No Yes End of the Month? Monthly Sales Report Compute for Monthly Total Sales B D No END The start of the existing flow process transaction is from the selling of the product.There is a decision box that indicates the cancel order and preparation of the product. If there is another order then the transaction is back to the customer’s order. If no, then the customers pay and the information are copied in the information record book. Then another decision box will ask if all the payments are recorded. If no, then it is back to copying information to record book. Then the information is saved at the customer’s transaction. If yes, there are decision boxes that will ask if what mode of report view will be, if it is daily, weekly and monthly. If es, the cashier will compute for the daily total sales. Then daily sales report will be generated and ends the process. 3. 3 EXISTING CONTEXT DIAGRAM CUSTOMER Defective Payment Product Product Receipt New Replaced Inquiry of Order Product Customer’s Profile SALES AND INVENTORY DeliveryReceipt Manual Sales and Inventory Report Shipment Purchase Manager SUPPLIERS Order Payment The figure shows the existing Context Diagram of Graphic Image Paint Center that focuses on their sales and i nventory system. The researcher’s chose that aspect because of the manual operating and checking of their sales and inventory. All of the records and information about their business are ecorded in an excel sheet and record books. The context diagram shows how their business flows between customers, suppliers and the owner. The transactions are made personally like shipping of the products, payment, reports, and customer orders and inquiry. 3. 4 EXISTING TOP-LEVEL DIAGRAM SALES Checking of products availability INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Order Point Payment Deliver Issue finalproducts bill & receipts Customer Shipment of Products Payment SUPPLIER Purchase Order The figure shows the existing Top Level diagram of Graphic Image Paint Center that focuses on sales and inventory system.Payment and ordering of products are done personally. Checking of product availability is done manually through physical counting that links the sales and inventory management. IV. ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS Th e existing system has shown that the un-automated sales and inventory structure hinders the fast and smooth flow of sales and inventory reports. It also indicates that the transactions are time consuming and are written in a record book which are unsecured and can be lost. The store is currently managing their inventories in a periodic way in which it is being checked at the end of each accounting period in a quarterly manner. . 1 SYSTEMS COMPONENTS FOR IMPROVEMENT The researchers have managed to improve the system by installing an automated sales and inventory system that will cater to the needs of the store to be able for them to handle inventory management at ease. The proposed system is made through Microsoft Access which is easy to operate and user friendly. In the proposed system, the inventory checking is being done through perpetual way that updates inventory accounts after each purchase or sale. V. SYSTEM DESIGN 5. 1 OVERVIEW OF PROPOSED SYSTEM The proposed system will prov ide the needs of Graph Image Paint Center.The system has initial customer profile that needs to save the customer’s name in order to save the transaction. The system now looks for the product that is being asked then the item will be shown with unit and price. The system can search and add another product if the customer wishes to buy one or more products at the store. Then the total amount is shown with the number of units bought by the customer. Receipt is issued with the total amount of products purchased. The cashier now will be able to generate sales report based on the order transactions and inventory updates. 5. PROPOSED FLOW PROCESS DIAGRAM: STORE INVENTORY START PRODUCTS B A SUFFICIENT STOCKS ADD PRODUCTTS NO NO ADD PRODUCT TO ORDER LIST SEARCH PRODUCT YES YES ALL STOCKS CHECKED NO ADD NEW PRODUCTS A YES ADD AGAIN YES CHECK ORDER SLIP /LIST NO B PRINT ORDER SLIP/LIST GENERATE REPORTS END The start of the proposed flow process diagram of store inventory is from the da ta of the products then a decision box for adding a product. If no, then search a product then search a product. again, a decision box for â€Å"sufficient stocks†. if no, then add product to order list. If yes then a decision box for â€Å"all stocks checked†. f no, then it will go back again at the search product. If yes, then it will show the checked order slip list. Then goes to print order slip/list. Then it will generate reports. After generating reports, that will be the end of the process. PROPOSED FLOW PROCESS DIAGRAM Sales START Z Start order transaction Yes A No Generate reports? Yes B No Customer Module? C Yes No END A Enter Product Name to Search Engine Cancel Transaction Yes No Yes No Yes Customer Order Z Continuation D Another Order? Found Product? Another Order? No Payment for the Ordered Product Calculate the Total AmountReceipt and Change Sales Record D CONTINUATION: B Sales Record E Daily Sales Report Daily Sales Report? Yes Create daily sales report Sales Record E No Weekly Sales Report Weekly Sales Report? Yes Create weekly transaction report No Sales Record E Monthly Sales Report? Monthly Sales Report Yes Create weekly transaction report No Z E C Z No Yes Add another Customer? Customer’s Contact No. Customer’s Address Customer’s Name CONTINUATION: Customer Record 5. 2 PROPOSED CONTEXT DIAGRAM CUSTOMER Product Payment Receipt New Replaced Product Defective ProductInquiry ofProduct SALES AND INVENTORY Customer’s Profile Delivery Receipt Copy of Automated Shipment Purchase Sales and Inventory SUPPLIERS Order Reports MANAGER Payment Purchase Order The figure shows the proposed context diagram of Graphic Image Paint Center. The proponents chose to improve the sales and inventory management for proper and safe recording of information and data with ease and effectiveness. The proposed system consists of automated sales and inventory reports and customer’s profile and transactions recording. 5. PR OPOSED TOP-LEVEL DIAGRAM SALES Automated checking of products availability INVENTORY MANAGEMENT Order Point payment Deliver Issue finalproducts Customer bills and receipts Shipment of Products Payment SUPPLIER Purchase Order The figure shows the proposed Top Level Diagram of Graphic Image Paint center that focuses on automation of sales and inventory management. The checking of the availability of the products are done automatically using a inventory system design software for easy tracking of products. 5. 4 LAYOUT DESIGN Fig. 5. 4. 1 Sales TransactionThe sales transaction is composed of customer’s name, the search engine for product category, product number, product, price, quantity, amount, total price purchased and the output transaction. The system has the â€Å"Add to Cart† command for additional product purchases. The â€Å"Add Quantity† is a command for adding the unit of the product. There is also the â€Å"Buy† and â€Å"Remove† selection in which the user can easily remove and approve the products that will not be purchased and will be acquired. There is also the â€Å"Previous Transactions† selection for easy tracking of customer’s transaction.Fig. 5. 4. 2 Payment The payment area of the system shows the total amount purchased, amount tendered, and the change is being calculated for faster computation. The â€Å"Purchase† command serves as the finish button transaction. Fig. 5. 4. 3 Daily Report of Sales The daily report part of the system shows the 24 hour transaction made. The date is being displayed as selected in â€Å"Display Report† command. The transaction number, product purchased, product price, quantity, total price and date purchased are displayed. The total profit Fig. 5. 4. 4 Weekly ReportThe weekly report part of the system is almost the same with the daily report display; the difference is it is viewed weekly from the chosen date to a specified date with 7 days range. Fig. 5. 4. 5 Monthly Report The monthly report of the system shows the monthly transaction of Graph Image Paint Center and has the same features with daily and weekly report system. Fig. 5. 4. 6 Inventory Record The inventory record system serves as the product storage management in which it shows the quantity available in the store. The critical quantity is included in order to monitor the order point of the store.The price of all the products is also shown. The â€Å"+† command indicates the adding of another product when there is a new product to be stored. The â€Å"X† indicates the removal of the product. The â€Å"paper and pen† box is a command that edits the product name and product number. Fig. 5. 4. 7 Customer’s Profile The Customer’s Info area indicates the customer’s name, customer’s address, and customer’s ID and contact number. The â€Å"X† it the edit command which manages the customer’s information. 5. 5 PROPOSED SYSTEM DATA DICTIONARY: Table 5. 5. 1: Sales Information Proposed System Data Dictionary| *Sales Information|Data Element Name| Type | Length| Valid Entries| Sample Data| | | | | | Customer_Name| Alpha-numeric| 30| any character (A-Z,0-9)| Juan dela Cruz|   |   |   |   | Juana Miller| Category| Alpha-numeric| 16| any character (A-Z,0-9)| Gloss Latex|   |   |   |   | Enamel| Product_Number| Numeric| 10| any number (0-9)| 1005| |   |   |   | 206| Product_Name| Alpha-numeric| 20| any character (A-Z,0-9)| Nation-Gallons|   |   |   |   | Davies-1/4 Liter| Price_per_Case| Currency| 12| Php| Php2,045. 00| |   |   |   | Php610. 00| Quantity| Numeric| 10| Php| 12| |   |   |   | 5| Total_Price| Currency| 12| Php| Php1,128. 00| |   |   |   | Php15,600. 0| The Table shows the Proposed System Data Dictionary of the Graph Image Paint Center, This consists of the Sales Information of the Retail Store. Data Element, Type, Length, Valid Ent ries and Sample Data. Data Element involves the names, category, number, quantity and price of the product that the Retail Store has. Table 5. 5. 2: Daily/Weekly/Monthly Report (Transactions) Proposed System Data Dictionary| *Daily/Weekly/Monthly Report (Transactions)| Data Element Name| Type | Length| Valid Entries| Sample Data| | | | | | Transaction_Date| Alpha-numeric| 13| Valid Dates| 20130101|   |   |   |   | 1-Jan-13|Transaction_Number| Numeric| 5| any number (0-9)| 32| |   |   |   | 15| Product_Name| Alpha-numeric| 20| any character (A-Z,0-9)| Nation-Gallons|   |   |   |   | Davies-1/4 Liter| Product_Price| Currency| 12| Php| Php2,045. 00| |   |   |   | Php610. 00| Quantity| Numeric| 10| any number (0-9)| 12| |   |   |   | 5| Total_Price| Currency| 12| Php| Php1,128. 00| |   |   |   | Php15,600. 00| Total_Sales| Currency| 12| Php| Php18,900. 00| |   |   |   | Php6,700. 00| The Daily/Weekly/Monthly Report Transactions of the Retail Store which is the Graph Image Paint Center is discussed in the table and also the proposed systems dictionary.The same concept is shown in the table. With Data Element, Type, Length, Valid Entries and Sample Data are the one being discussed. This Table gives summarization for the store to have easy and productive results. Table 5. 5. 3: Payment Information Proposed System Data Dictionary| *Payment Information| Data Element Name| Type | Length| Valid Entries| Sample Data| | | | | | Total_Due| Currency| 12| Php| Php6,500. 00| |   |   |   | Php15,250. 00| Amount_Tendered| Currency| 12| Php| Php7,000. 00| |   |   |   | Php15,500. 00| Change| Currency| 12| Php| Php500. 00| |   |   |   | Php250. 00|The Payment Information of the retail store, Graph Image Paint Center is given in the table shown below, this has the same content because this is a Proposed System Data Dictionary, This table discussed the Total Due, Amount Tendered and Change of the store. Table 5. 5. 4: C ustomer’s Profile Proposed System Data Dictionary| *Customer's Profile| Data Element Name| Type | Length| Valid Entries| Sample Data| | | | | | Customer's_ID| Numeric| 12| any number (0-9)| 23| |   |   |   | 32| Customer's_Name| Alpha_Numeric| 12| any character (A-Z,0-9)| Ana Gonzales|   |   |   |   | Juan dela Cruz|Customer's_Address| Alpha_Numeric| 12| Php| Lagundi, MorongRizal|   | |   |   | Pandacan, Manila| Contact_Number| Numeric| 15| any number (0-9)| 2345678|   |   |   |   | 9108766543| The Table shows the Customer’s Profile Proposed System Data Dictionary of Graph Image Paint Center. The Data Element Name shows the information about the customer, it discussed the names, contact numbers, customer’s ID and address. Table 5. 5. 5: Inventory Information Proposed System Data Dictionary| *Inventory Information| Data Element Name| Type | Length| Valid Entries| Sample Data| | | | | |Product_Number| Numeric| 10| any number (0-9)| 1005 | |   |   |   | 206| Product_Name| Alpha-numeric| 20| any character (A-Z,0-9)| Nation-Gallons|   |   |   |   | Davies-1/4 Liter| Quantity| Numeric| 10| any number (0-9)| 12| |   |   |   | 5| Critical_Quantity| Numeric| 10| any number (0-9)| 200|   |   |   |   | 150| Product_Price| Currency| 12| Php| Php2,045. 00| |   |   |   | Php610. 00| The proposed System Data Dictionary of an Inventory information is shown in the table and the data element name discussed all about the paint products of the retail store, which are the item number, name and quantity. . 6 PROPOSED SYSTEM SPECIFICATION The proposed system is being operated through Microsoft Access. Microsoft Access, also known as  Microsoft Office Access, is a  database management system  from  Microsoft  that combines the relational  Microsoft Jet Database Engine  with a  graphical user interface  and software-development tools. Microsoft Access stores data in its own format based on the Access Jet Database Engine. It can also import or link directly to  data  stored in other applications and databases.The proposed system is a combination of sales and inventory which are linked to one another to easily monitor transactions and manage products. 5. 6. 1 MINIMUM SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: Operating System: Windows XP or higher Processor: Pentium IV or higher Memory: 1 gb RAM Video Card: 256 mb Application Needed: Microsoft Access VI. CONCLUSION Therefore, the proposed sales and inventory system for Graph Image Paint Center is fast and reliable. They can manage inventory in automated way which will lessen the hassle of recording it manually. It may help the user to easily search for a particular transaction for later viewing of reports.

Electronic media Of Pakistan

1. What is electronic media? â€Å"Electronic Media† are those communication mediums which are based on electronic or electromechanical means of production and most often distinguished from print media. The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general public worldwide include radio, sound recordings, television, video recording and streaming internet content† . It denotes, â€Å"the main means of communicating with large number of people, especially television, radio, internet and satellite†. The electronic media have four basic functions; to inform, entertain, educate and influence the public opinion.The 20th century can be termed as the century of communication. The main mean of mass communication grew in succession as the century unfolded. Motion pictures arrived on scene in the first decade of this century. Regular radio broadcasts started in 1920s. Television entered the arena in 1940s, followed by cable television in 1950s, and satellite televisi on in 1970s. Lastly the personal computer gave access to Internet in 1980s. It transformed the interconnected computer networks through World Wide Web by the 1990s. . 2 Influence of electronic mediaIn the last 50 years the media influence has grown significantly with the advance of technology, first there was the telegraph, then the radio, the newspaper, magazines, television and now the internet. We live in a society that depends on information and communication to keep moving in the right direction and do our daily activities like work, entertainment, health care, education, personal relationships, travelling and anything else that we have to do. â€Å"What we need to be aware is that most of our decisions, beliefs and values are based on what we know for a fact, our assumptions and our own experience.In our work we usually know what we have to do base on our experience and studies, however on our daily lives we rely on the media to get the current news and facts about what is im portant and what we should be aware of. † We have put our trust on the media as an authority to give us news, entertainment and education. However, the influence of mass media on our kids, teenagers and society is so big that we should know how it really works. . The electronic media has touched every sphere of the human aspect. In the present times, information and technology are interwoven with the society’s economic progress.The evolution of electronic media has had an overwhelming impact on the society. The Opportunities of communication have broken all barriers across national boundaries and have led to the germination of new ideas through the cross pollination of cultures. Electronic information has had a positive impact in the promotion of various social regimes. . 1. 3 Functions of electronic media. The primary functions of electronic media are; to inform, educate, influence and entertain. This means of communication has maximum size of audience, its reach, cove rage and effectiveness of its impact is increasing.Following is a brief description of some of the functions of the electronic media:- To Provide Information. The provision of reliable verifiable; adequate and complete information is one of the primary functions of the electronic media, objectivity is expected in arranging information for the population. To Provide Education . The electronic media can become a powerful and economical tool for education and has a great potential if used imaginatively and with vision. The media can also be used to raise awareness and educate the masses to overcome various social problems and development of civic sense. .To Influence Public Opinion. The revolution in information technology and potential of media to influence and analyze various national and international issues, suggest various options, weigh the best option to arrive at the correct solutions to guide their audience. To Entertain. The electronic media can cater for a wide range of ente rtainments for tastes and requirements of almost all the segments of the society. 1. 4 Growth of electronic media in Pakistan The electronic media in Pakistan has made rapid progress. Only three or four decades ago, radio and state owned TV was considered to be the main sources of information.Today, we have more than 77 Satellite TV Channels, 2346 cable operators, 28 landing TV Channels from abroad like BBC, CNN, Sky, Star etc. and more than 129 FM Stations(on air and in some cases licences issued) including 46 Radio Channels. The investment this year is expected US$ 1. 5 billion. Total investment in this sector is US$ 2. 5 billion. The new jobs likely to be created are 150000. The indirect employment is 7 million. The advertisement market in 2008 was US$ 431 Million and in 2009 it was estimated as US$ 691 million.This growth has made available more knowledge and up to date information in all spheres of life to the general public. TV started its test transmissions in 1964. Pakistan Television Corporation was incorporated as a joint stock company in 1967 and in 1984 it was converted into a corporation under the Companies Ordinance. PTV has been a great source of entertainment. TV has also effectively disseminated information on a variety of subjects to its viewers. However, the objectives set out for PTV at the time of its inception were:- †¢ Instruction and enlightenment.†¢ Enrichment of knowledge and information. †¢ Wholesome entertainment. †¢ Promotion of national outlook and integration. †¢ Presentation of news in a fair, objective, factual manner free from deception by implication and omission. 1. 5 Types of electronic media Radio. In Pakistan like other developing countries, radio is the major source of information and entertainment due to its reach to the far flung areas and being relatively economical. Broadcasts carry news, analyses, commentaries and advertisements. This medium, however, is losing attraction in the public. Tele vision.TV due to its potentials to offer a greater variety than other elements of electronic media has become the strongest form of media to perform all four functions, i. e. information, education, influence and entertainment. Internet. Internet is the latest addition into the elements of medium of electronic communication. It is swiftly bringing a historic shift in the dynamics and profile of the global information sector. The medium also provides instant access to the largest data bases and archives of information around the world. 1. 6 The media and the ground realitiesThe most critical obligation of electronic media is to act as the custodian of the facts. There are certain realities and electronic media’s mindset and peculiarities, which to some extent are universal. The electronic media is a business, a billion dollar industry and thus its primary motive remains to earn money and not harmonize the society. Due to intense competition in the field of electronic media ind ustry, media has to be competitive; to be â€Å"Exclusive and First†. The electronic media often looks for controversy, sensationalism and negative news to make headlines.In some cases the electronic media feels that it has the right to interpret what is good or bad for society using its own standards. The electronic Media was primarily and popularly used by our previous regimes as tool of self propaganda, the quality of news poor, unreliable and un-imaginative presentation of events and stories, ultimately losing the confidence of general public. Introduction of Satellite TV, Cable and Private Channels and Dish widened the scope of awareness of people. The Government of Pakistan realized the sensitivity and potential of private electronic media which could not be avoided through State controlled TV only.The governmental policies regarding electronic media took a different direction, to regulate this sector. 1. 7 Pakistan electronic media regulatory authority The objective of PEMRA was to regulate the electronic media i. e. Radio and TV. This was necessitated by the decision to allow a large number of private TV and radio channels. The Ordinance also gives a Code of Conduct for media broadcasters/ cable TV operators. â€Å"This Regulatory Body was established under the PEMRA Ordinance 2002, having the following goals in mind† i) Improve the standards of information, education and entertainment.ii) Enlarge the choice available to the people of Pakistan in the media for news, current affairs, religious knowledge, art, culture, science, technology, economic development, social sector concerns, music, sports, drama and other subjects of public and national interest. iii) Facilitate the devolution of responsibility and power to the grass roots by improving the access of the people to mass media at the local and community level. iv) Ensure accountability, transparency and good governance by optimization of the free flow of information. . ChallengesIn a democratic country like Pakistan where freedom of speech and expression is guaranteed to every citizen by the Constitution. This fundamental right has to be exercised by all with due care to ensure that it may not incite violence, terrorism, racial, ethnic or religious discrimination, sectarianism, extremism, militancy, hatred, pornography, obscenity, vulgarity or anything offensive to the commonly accepted standards of decency. Similarly, the sanctity of national institutions needs to be respected at all costs. In this regard, PEMRA has formulated a Code of Conduct for the broadcasters.However, the concept of Self-Regulation is promoted to encourage the broadcasters to formulate the rules of the game, themselves. . SECTION-2 FAULT LINES IN NATIONAL COHESION AND INTEGRATION 2. 1 What is National Integration? The concept of National Integration is subject to a wide range of interpretations. However, two definitions which catch the essential spirit of the concept include, â€Å"The creation of a National Political System which supersedes or incorporates all the regional sub-cultures† , and the creation of a â€Å"Common national consciousness, a common national consensus and a common national identity† .These two definitions appear adequate for working purposes as they underline both the political as well as the socio-cultural ingredients of the process of integration. National cohesion refers to the bonds or â€Å"glue† that binds members of society, community or other groups together. The most obvious bonds are ideological, ethnic, linguistic, religious, cultural and historic. However, the homogeneity of a nation is no guarantee of successfully bonding together as a cohesive whole. â€Å"The extent of the threat posed to the integrity of a state by the multiplicity of languages, races, religions etc., depends on a variety of factors but there are basically two requisites (conflict of ideology and economic decline) which must be present b efore a country may be deemed to be faced with a problem of national disunity. † The Pakistani society is in transition, and it faces challenges but still the national interest is to make Pakistan as a unity-in-diversity and there is an ever-growing need to develop a harmonious society. â€Å"The balance sheet of social changes in Pakistani society over the past half century has both cost and benefits.Pakistani society has split into class-cum-lifestyle segments. Its social institutions do not dovetail into each other; instead fissures of institutional lag run through them. Its cohesiveness has given way to the fragmentation and the erosion of value and moral consensus†. 2. 2 Fault Lines in National Cohesion and Integration in Pakistan Integration or cohesion is an ideal, â€Å"it is not a thing but a process. It is dynamism ruled by an inner necessity, being guided in a direction chosen by itself as a goal or rather a series of goals leading to a certain direction â⠂¬ .National integration and social cohesion is the capacity of a society to ensure the welfare of its all members, minimize disparities and avoid polarization. A cohesive society is mutually supportive community of free individuals, pursuing these common goals by democratic means. National integration and social cohesion is at risk in Pakistan because of many impeding factors, which originate within the country or influenced by external reasons. It may also be a complex outcome of interaction between the country forces and stresses and influences of global scenario.The socio-political factors and socio-economic factors as listed below have contributed to cause fault lines in national cohesion and integration. 2. 3 Socio-Political Factors Intolerance and near absence of civic responsibility, now manifested in our society is indeed the outcome of a hierarchical structure and social barriers, further and enforced by policy approaches in the 80s. Politicizing of religion and language is one major source of fractionalization. â€Å"Presently, the culture and society of Pakistan are in the grip of an unprecedented upheaval.In the post 9/11 world, the political, religious, and the social dynamics in Pakistan have been under major internal transformation and intense international scrutiny. Ethnic and sectarian violence which ravaged the country for the last two decades has sharply polarized the society. Various Islamic religious groups jostle violently for power. Religious faith, usually a matter of personal redemption, is flagrantly flaunted and a stunning lack of tolerance for difference increasingly defines Pakistani society. † Constitutional Crisis.The non-agreement and lack of consensus on various revisions and amendments in 1973 constitution remained a contentious issue among the federating units since long. The delayed process of reconciliation and agreement, on this only document to govern the state is a serious threat to national cohesion and integra tion. Provincialism. Imbedded strides of sub national identities engraved into the fabric of the provinces pose an existential threat to national cohesion. This issue is even more pronounced in case of smaller provinces like Khyber Pukhtunwa and Balochistan.Identity crisis prevailing with in the provinces is tarnishing the very physiology of democracy in essence and in dispensation at National level. There are contradictions between national and provincial interests, particularly in matte relating to language, ethnicity, identity, and power. There are small Political groups and movements agitating for their rights, including Baloch issue. Nevertheless, such provincial or regional sentiments swirl within the national cultural pool. Sectarian Intolerance. The division of society on the basis of sects, tribes, colour and creed gives rise to intolerance towards other sects.The violence on sectarianism basis is on the rise. The religious intolerance and extremism, and over emphasis on re ligious identities due to that Pakistani society is facing continuous challenge of terrorism in the name of religion and belief. Political Process and Direction. The directionless political system rarely delivers to the satisfaction of voters. Various derivations of political process have no regard for national objectives and national interests and efforts for achievement of these goals for the country are hardly visible. The political system as a whole is driven by conflicting vested interests.The political parties lack democratic norms in their rank and file. Leadership Style and Direction. The political leadership as a whole has failed to satisfy the masses. The trust deficit between the leadership and the people has widened, and is increasing with the passage of time. The social and political positions of so-called ruling elites are just a symbol of false pride without much regard for vision and justice. Non-State Actors. Unorganized political parties have increased the influenc e of non-state actors in national politics, thereby vested interests are perpetuated, at the cost of national interests.Challenges to the Writ of the Government. The manifestation of this divide is the challenge to the writ of the State in FATA and Malakand Division where state infrastructure of governance has been uprooted, the power elite has been eliminated (either by murder or forced migration) new and parallel structures have been created and the application of Constitution is challenged. â€Å"The so-called Islamic fundamentalists have always been influential in the largely poor, illiterate, and rural Pakistan society.These groups represent a variety of power centres based on an array of belief systems from within Islam. Historically, none of these groups have had much success at the ballot box, but with a strong core of ‘true believers’ with blind faith and unflinching allegiance, they have often been able to display enough Street power to disrupt civil life. Si nce the war of independence in neighbouring Afghanistan in the 1980s, these religious groups have been encouraged and aided by the government of Pakistan and the US State Department.As a result they have ‘flourished and proliferated under the exhilarating notion of jihad. The border between Afghanistan and Pakistan has been porous for centuries because of the unusual terrain that facilitates traffic and a common tribal ethos that informs the lives of the bordering populace. With the rapid and fearsome Talibanization of Afghanistan and the Mullahisation of Pakistan, the borders for all practical and ideological purposes dissolved, and these processes played a vital role in the fluctuating social ethos of Pakistan.† War against Terrorism. The country is facing various challenges. The multiple threats and constant pressures are very serious since post 9/11 due to Pakistan’s commitment with West for fight against terrorism. This involvement is viewed as being done to oblige the West. The suicidal attacks and drone attacks are the result of this involvement. Feudalism / Tribalism. In Pakistan the feudal and tribal society where rights of human being are violated is a matter of concern, people are not free to express their desire to govern.In such circumstances the leadership style is power centred and feudal in character, this leadership enjoys respect because of fear, and not because of trust. â€Å"National and regional culture has, at various times, interwoven and competed with each other. In times when centralization is the ideological thrust, national themes and institutions are in the ascendancy, but when the pendulum swings toward decentralization, regional and ethnic societies and cultures reassert their autonomy.The political ideologies and movements that shift the balance between national and regional social and cultural systems are the markers of Pakistan’s social change. † Role of Madrassa. There is little control of gov ernment over madrassas in the country, these madras do pose a threat to the cohesion of the society in Pakistan, if not regulated adequately. . 2. 4. Socio – Economic Factors Socio – Economic disparities. The poverty and inflation has caused disparities in the society. The people living below the poverty line have increased in number.The unemployment and low income has caused economic imbalance in the society. The division of society and decline in socio-economic standards have adversely impacted the quality of life. Bad Governance. Undemocratic & non-participatory governance. . .The perception of governance leading to good governance is flouted; concepts of transparency and accountability are misleading in Pakistani experience. The accountability is selective and by choice, its aim is not to reform the society of negative practices, but to benefit the fittest and powerful.The people have no faith in the system of governance and accountability. Violation of Human Right s. The human rights violation is on the increase, the weaker segments of the population even do not get the rights given in the constitution and the irony remains ignorance on their part of basic rights bestowed by the constitution. â€Å"The perception of women as having a lower status at all levels is the principle barrier in the way of gender equality and is reinforced by customary practises and the laws of the land.Women education, health, labour force participation, mobility, decision making etc, all reflect the unique situation of women in Pakistan. † Personal Security Perception. The constant engagement of population in this war against terrorism has changed its perception of personal security. The people have doubts about the success of governmental policies. Loyalty towards State /individualistic behaviour. The notion of loyalty towards state is blurred, people’s expectation of justice and fair play are shattered, and therefore, their loyalty towards State is also undermined.The individualism has replaced collectivism; the bigger societal group is vanished. The conflicts of values, beliefs, and other sociological imbalances has damaged the national fabric and has caused segmentation on the basis of caste and class Justice and Rule of law. The justice is uncertain; the rules of game are settled by abuse of power. The respect for justice is linked with status and position of the seeker. The attitude towards Rule of Law is very negative, law breaking is considered as a pride for the powerful.Due to delayed justice people have lost hope in the system to get justice. Violence against Women and minorities â€Å"Many Analysts are in agreement that women’s poor status as well as poverty is rooted in social and cultural organization of society†. The rights of the women are abused, and such abuse is referred to the culture and customs and here- say, this victimization is devoid of any ideological, religious and legal and Constitution al basis. The religious minorities are threatened and do face violence at their religious places, thereby show concern of threat and personal security.â€Å"Empowering women is a challenge, requires changes in the existing class and caste based structure and it needs a focused and active public delivery system to ensure that resources and opportunities earmarked for women reach them† Mistrust in Criminal Justice System. The people do not have trust in criminal justice system, and lack of trust generates uncertainty and confusion in the society. â€Å"In Pakistani society, the judiciary plays a pivotal role in articulating and enforcing rules of conduct for its citizens. The judiciary derives its legitimacy and power from the constitution. †

T Pentyl Chloride Lab Report Essays

T Pentyl Chloride Lab Report Essays T Pentyl Chloride Lab Report Paper T Pentyl Chloride Lab Report Paper Edward Kluges, by a temperature of 79-ICC, the product is expected to boil (pig. 20). At about ICC, the product began to stabilize. This matches the expected boiling point for the product. After simple distillation and measurement, a total of 17 ml of the product was obtained. Side Reactions: Summary of experiment: The following experimental procedure was directed from Introduction to Organic Lab Techniques CHEMIC IL Courseware by Dry. Edward Kluges found on pages 18- 20. Using 22 ml of t-Phenyl alcohol and 50 ml of 37. 3% concentrated HCI, a mixture was created and swirled in a 125 ml separators funnel. After the solution had been mixed for approximately one minute, a stopper was used to prevent the mixture for escaping the separators funnel as it was inverted. Once inverted, built-up gas was released by turning the stopcock to its opened and closed positions. This was repeated for about four times in one minute intervals. Then the layers were allowed to settle until a separation between liquids could be observed. Due to the low density of the product, the top layer was to be extracted. The bottom layer was carefully and slowly extracted out of the separators funnel. The crude product was washed by taking the reaction product in the separators funnel and adding 23 ml of denizen H2O. The mixture was shaken and allowed to settle until layers were observable. The top layer was the desired product and approximately 25 ml of aqueous layer was extracted from the separators funnel. Next, 25 ml of 5% Enhance was added to the separators funnel in order to neutralize the acid. This mixture was swirled, plugged with the stopper and inverted. Built-up gas was released by turning the stopcock to its opened and closed positions, releasing CO by-product. This was done four times in one minute intervals. The solution was allowed to settle until layers were observable. The bottom layer that contained salt, base and water was extracted from the separators funnel. The crude product was washed again as mentioned previously. The wet, crude product was placed into the 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Small amounts of Cacao were added to dry the solution. The flask was sealed and the mixture was swirled and left to settle. Once the solution turned clear, it was ready for simple distillation technique. Using filter paper and a funnel, he solution passed through and was placed into the 100 ml round bottom flask attached to the distillation apparatus. The temperature was monitored and recorded when the product reached a stable temperature of about 80 to ICC. After distillation was complete, the product was measured in a graduated cylinder and recorded. The procedure to purify the crude product was the simple distillation technique found in A Molecular Approach to Organic Laboratory Techniques by Pave et. Al. Report Questions: 1. Aqueous sodium bicarbonate was used to wash the crude t-Phenyl chloride. A. What was the purpose of this wash? The purpose of the wash with the basic bicarbonate was to remove the acidic components of the mixture. This helps facilitate the phase separation needed in order to extract the waste and keep the desired product. B. Why would it be undesirable to wash the crude halide with aqueous sodium hydroxide? Aqueous sodium hydroxide is a very strong base. By using a very strong base, it can cause the reaction to proceed with the E mechanism and gives us undesirable alkaline products. 2. Some 2-methyl-2-butane may be produced in the reaction as a by-product. Give a mechanism for its production.